Higher scores represent greater problems with pain and function. Bellamy views in the literature to the use of womac in validation studies, comparative studies against other health status measures, and in various clinical research and clinical practice settings to evaluate patient outcomes 7. There are multiple versions of the aims2, such as the aims2sf. Validation of a proposed womac short form for patients. The results thus equal standardized womac scores standardization of womac scores is by division of the scale sum score by the number of items 2. Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score physiopedia objective the hip. The program in that study was based on the same theoretical framework as the asmp, but included content that was specifically tailored to patients with knee osteoarthritis.
In 1988, bellamy and coworkers 3 first published the womac, a 24item, conditionspecific questionnaire to be used for hip and knee osteoarthritis. Universities womac osteoarthritis oa index in physiotherapy outpatient practice in turkey. A popular patientreported outcome measure prom used for evaluation with hip and knee osteoarthritis is the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac. The index is selfadministered and assesses the three dimensions of pain, disability and joint stiffness in knee and hip osteoarthritis using a. Dextrose and morrhuate sodium injections prolotherapy. We adapted the womac for the italian language and tested its metric properties in 304 patients with symptomatic oa of the knee. The scale scores as well as the composite score thus range from 0 to 10. Oa occurs when the dynamic equilibrium between the breakdown. Guideline for the management of knee and hip osteoarthritis iii second edition about this guideline the royal australian college of general practitioners racgp first developed guidelines for the nonsurgical management of hip and knee osteoarthritis in 2009. The measure was developed to evaluate clinically important, patientrelevant changes in health status resulting from treatment interventions. These observations suggest the need for care in interpreting womac scores as just a measure of.
Data were extracted on the version used, score range, analysis and results of the womac, and whether these details were clearly reported. The womac index is a diseasespecific, tridimensional selfadministered questionnaire, for assessing health status and health outcomes in osteoarthritis of the knee andor hip. Our study aimed at developing clinical thresholds cutoff scores for the western ontario and mcmaster universities womac osteoarthritis index, eq5d and knee society score for discriminating between patients with and without treatment success following total knee arthroplasty tka. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac name. Clinician researchers american college of rheumatology. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koosdevelopment of a selfadministered outcome measure. Correlation of knee ultrasonography and western ontario. A short version of the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac function scale has recently been developed to enhance the applicability of the scale in routine practice and clinical research for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis. Please describe the level of pain you have experienced in the past 48 hours for each one of your knees. Periosteal electrical dry needling as an adjunct to exercise. The therapeutic effect of intraarticular normal saline. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos questionnaire developed as an extension of the womac index questions from the womac index version 3.
Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koosvalidation of a swedish version. Determinants of womac function, pain and stiffness scores. Hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score womac. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteooarthritis.
Womac osteoarthritis index rozina and smith physical therapy. Jan 23, 2012 the aims of the present study were first to detect mcid for womac in a moroccan population, and second, to identify the best pretreatment predictors on the change of health after treatment by nonspecific, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs nsaids, and to evaluate whether the predictors were dependent on the choice of the response criterion. Despite being the leading cause of chronic disability in the elderly, there is no cure for oa, and the only established treatment for endstage oa is costly joint replacement surgery. Womac pain questions activities in order of affirmation as the pain score. Validity and reliability of swedish womac osteoarthritis index. The index is selfadministered and assesses the three dimensions of pain, disability and joint stiffness in knee and hip osteoarthritis using a battery of 24 questions.
Since its conception, the womac has undergone several revisions and modifications, with the latest version womac 3. Mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac pain changes over 24 months in those with knee oa 24. The study showed that acupressure was able to correct the womac and pain scores in long and short term and improve physical function in short term in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The western ontario and mcmaster universities womac osteoarthritis oa index is a tested questionnaire to assess symptoms and physical functional disability in patients with oa of the knee and the hip. Guideline for the management of knee and hip osteoarthritis. Validity, reliability, and comparison of the womac osteoarthritis index and lequesne algofunctional index in turkish patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis.
Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos development of a selfadministered outcome measure. Clinically important improvement in the womac and predictor. The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos is a questionnaire designed to assess short and longterm patientrelevant outcomes following knee injury. Roos em, roos hp, lohmander ls, ekdahl c, beynnon bd. Koos was developed and is validated for several cohorts of younger andor more active patients with knee injury andor knee osteoarthritis 6,7,9. Methods scales the western ontario and mcmaster university osteoarthritis index womac is a diseasespecific, selfadministered, health measure developed to study patients with osteoarthritis in the hip or knee. Imaging of knee osteoarthritis osteoarthritis oa affects approximately 6% of adults over 30 years of age and 30% of adults over 65 years of age 1. Womac index was developed for hip and knee osteoarthritis, however it has been used with other rheumatic conditions such as.
What womac pain score should make a patient eligible for a. May 25, 2003 the knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos is an extension of the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac. Knee disability and osteoarthritis outcome score koos. Osteoarthritis of the knee is the most common chronic joint disease that involves middle aged and elderly persons. Comprehensive assessment of patients with osteoarthritis oa of the legs includes both measurement of impairmentfor example, symptoms and disability, and health related quality of life. To assess the evidence for the efficacy of the following interventions for improving clinical outcomes in adults with osteoarthritis oa of the knee. Questionnaires in patients with knee osteoarthritis. There are different clinical instruments to quantify the health status of patients with knee osteoarthritis and one example is the womac score that has been translated and adapted into different languages. If we required only one activity with moderate pain, the number increased to 9 by 9%, and further to 161 by. The measure was developed to evaluate clinically important, patient. Periosteal electrical dry needling as an adjunct to.
Efficacy of plateletrich plasma in the treatment of knee. Similarly, another study demonstrated a relationship between baseline cartilage volume and knee symptoms womac pain, stiffness and function scores, and a correlation between the loss of cartilage volume over 24 months and the worsening. Womac has been used extensively in research studies, undergone rigorous psychometric validation, and is frequently utilized in many clinical trials. The koos is selfadministered and assesses five outcomes. The western ontario mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac, visual analog scale, and lequesnes functional index were used to evaluate pain, stiffness, and physical function of knee. Severity for the knee and one general health questionnaire. It has been validated in patients with osteoarthritis oa of the hip or knee in a paperbased. Since its development in 1982, the womac index has undergone several revisions and modifications.
Determinants of womac function, pain and stivness scores. It was designed to provide a standardised assessment of selfreported health status while incorporating activities relevant to patients. The diseasespecific questionnaire, western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac, is the most widely used instrument to evaluate symptomatology and function in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis oa 15. It has been well documented that the womac is reliable, valid, and responsive to change in patients with hip and knee oa. For each situation, please enter the amount of pain you have experienced in the past 48 hours. The following questions concern the amount of pain you are currently experiencing in your knees. Secondary outcomes included knee pain intensity as measured by the numeric pain rating scale nprs, all. Comparison of reliability and responsiveness of patient.
Pdf this study validates the shortform womac function scale for assessment of conservative treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. The womac takes approximately 12 minutes to complete, and can be taken on paper, over the telephone or. P womac total score, international knee documentation committee score, lequesne score, standardized mean difference 1. Pdf comparative validation of the womac osteoarthritis and. Alternatively a visual analogue scale vas may be used ranging from 0 to 10. The priordeclined group reported the most severe baseline womac score p0. If we required a score of or 4 and at least 2 activities with at least moderate pain, we found 128 of these subjects were eligible. Imaging of knee osteoarthritis open access journal. Oa is viewed today as the clinical and pathological outcome of a range of disorders that result in degenerative, progressive structural, and functional failure of synovial joints. South georgia spine and joint center 202 south madison st. The womac knee and hip and the auscan hand oa indices n. The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos was developed as an extension of the womac osteoarthritis index with the purpose of evaluating shortterm and longterm symptoms and function in subjects with knee injury and osteoarthritis. Please circle the appropriate rating for each item. Acceptability, reliability, validity and responsiveness of the turkish.
Scale scores are calculated which range from 0 best score to 10 worst score. Pdf validation of the spanish version of the womac. The goal of the present study was to validate this short form. Womac, eq5d and knee society score thresholds for treatment. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis. The original version contained 41 items in 5 domains. Responsiveness of the womac osteoarthritis index as. The therapeutic effect of intraarticular normal saline injections for knee osteoarthritis a metaanalysis of evidence level 1 studies bryan m. The questionnaire contains 24 questions, targeting areas of pain, stiffness and. Please rate the activities in each category according to the following scale of difficulty.
The likert version of the womac is rated on an ordinal scale of 0 to 4, with. Western ontario and mcmaster universities osteooarthritis index. Mcmaster osteoarthritis index womac please circle the. In the subset of oa patients, radiographic scores added little to the explained variance. The womac westren ontario and mcmaster universities index is used to assess patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee using 24 parameters. The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos. Reliability and validity of the western ontario and.
Knee osteoarthritis koa is the most common joint disease. An extension of the western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index. Validation of chinese western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac in patients scheduled for total knee replacement. Two hundred thirtyfour subjects with chronic knee pain completed the womac pain survey. Similarly, for the 70% minimum clinically important response level, the definitions were. The severity of koa, based on articular cartilage thickness, showed good correlation with the pain and stiffness subclasses of the womac score. Extended report evaluation of womac 20, 50, 70 response. Validation of a short form of the western ontario and. Pdf validation of the shortform womac function scale for the. Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, 2nd edition summary. The following is the table of contents from the womac 3.
The secondary outcome measure was the knee pain scale and postprocedure opioid medication use and participant satisfaction. A composite score was calculated as the unweighted mean of the three scale scores. Validation of the spanish version of the womac questionnaire for patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis. Knee, osteoarthritis, womac, ultrasound background knee osteoarthritis koa is the most common joint. Validation studies reliability, validity, responsiveness orthopaedic validation study. Cole,z md, mba investigation performed at the rush university medical. Womac osteoarthritis index south ga spine, joint and. Problems persist in reporting of methods and results for.
Validation of a numerical rating scale to assess functional. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac. Sep 01, 2009 the womac was developed in the early 1980s as a diseasespecific measure for hip and knee osteoarthritis bellamy 2009. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index. Womac is a selfadministered health status measure that assesses the dimensions of pain, stiffness and function either separately or as an overall index in patients with oa of the hip or knee. However, the womac function subscale appeared to be less responsive than the numerical scales for both knee and hip, with srms ranging from 0. Womac index was developed for hip and knee osteoarthritis, however it has. Toward a clinical definition of early osteoarthritis. Correlation of knee ultrasonography and western ontario and.
Reliability and validity of the western ontario and mcmaster. The strongest predictor of womac abnormality in bivariate and multivariate analyses was the fatigue score, with correlations of 0. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos validation and comparison to the womac in total knee replacement. The womac captures more than just knee or hip pain and dysfunction, and is clearly in. The questionnaire also includes sections which ask respondents to rate their satisfaction and the impact of arthritis on each of these 12 areas. Pain, other symptoms, function in daily living adl, function in sport and recreation. Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, 2nd edition. The primary outcome was relateddisability as assessed by the we stern ontario and mcmaster universities womac total score osteoarthritis index at 3 months. Pdf validation of chinese western ontario and mcmaster. Mt and exercise versus mt and exercise plus electrical dry needling. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score koos patient. Arthritis index womac questionnaire 18,19 were fulfilled by all patients. The western ontario and mcmaster universities osteoarthritis index womac is a widely used measure of symptoms and physical disability originally developed for people with osteoarthritis oa of the hip andor knee 1, 2.
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